I’m able to do it by tracing each individual shape or by duplicating the original shape and deleting all the parts i don’t want (6 times in the above case); however, both of these are very time consuming. I assume there is an easier way.
Make the strokes as wide as you want the gaps, then convert your strokes to paths. There will be a little cleanup but that will give you the basic shapes.
Use Break Apart to be able to remove the outer perimeter.