Essentially the same techniques shown here:
I got the idea to make pixel art or patterns when I made that box but never had gotten to it.
For the curious who want to try the technique:
Cut your inserts.
Cut the dark blue arc shapes and the red outline first. Remove the material with the inlay holes. Leave the surround as a jig for the next laser step.
Glue all the inserts into their holes. Lay the material back in the machine using your material as a jig (use the paper towel trick to get the alignment perfect), do the ring cuts, engrave the bottom of the lid, and score your numbers.
You’ll end up with perfectly cut rings with half-depth inlays. Assemble with pins for alignment, and sand away the laser marks on the outside. Glue the inset into the bottom of the lid. Finish as you like.