@Conquer3D Welcome to the community!
Please remember that we are all just trying to figure out answers to the same questions, but some of us have been reading these questions over and over for months.
CO2 lasers like the Glowforge can etch glass, at least to some degree.
If “Goldstone” is just colored or filled glass you should be able to do something to it, although you may or may not get results that are visually appealing. Your results will vary based upon the actual properties of the glass in question. Is it borosilicate? Soda lime? Fused silica? You are propbably going to have to experiment and see.
Personally I intend to try it when I get my own Glowforge, but I think there are better ways in the long run.
Other minerals will vary by composition. Quarts in all its forms is SiO2, and may also be etchable depending upon the power a Glowforge is able to produce. We will have to wait and see. Other stones are much different and hopefully you are willing to sacrifice a few so you can answer these questions for the rest of us! 
Sometimes you may find that a general search of the internet at large is better then restricting yourself to this forum. At its heart a Glowforge is just a CO2 laser.